Scale (zoology)

High school (ages 12+)
Animals & Nature

Name:

Date:

Step 1 · Read the article

Open the article and read it at the level above. Then answer the questions below in your own words.

https://smallwhale.org/articles/scale-zoology

Write what each word means, using the article.

Do not copy the article. Write two things you learned, the way you would explain them to a friend.

Answers below are taken from the article’s stored facts, so they match what the student read.

1. What is the origin of fish scales?Dermal bone derivatives, often containing dentin and enameloid
2. What is the origin of reptile/bird scales?Epidermal structures derived from the stratum germinativum, primarily composed of keratin
3. What are animal scales made of?Fish scales are made of dermal bone derivatives like dentin and enameloid. Reptile scales are made of keratin, a strong protein. Some mammals have scale-like plates made from modified hairs or keratin.
4. Why do fish scales help them swim?Fish scales overlap like cycloid or ctenoid patterns to reduce drag and turbulence. This makes swimming smoother and faster. They also help keep parasites away.

Integumentary System: The outer protective covering of the body, including skin, scales, feathers, and hair.
Convergent Evolution: The independent evolution of similar features in different species.
Homologous Structures: Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
Ectotherm: An animal that relies on external sources of heat to regulate its body temperature.