Novarupta

High school (ages 12+)
Environment & Earth

Name:

Date:

Step 1 · Read the article

Open the article and read it at the level above. Then answer the questions below in your own words.

https://smallwhale.org/articles/novarupta

Write what each word means, using the article.

Do not copy the article. Write two things you learned, the way you would explain them to a friend.

Answers below are taken from the article’s stored facts, so they match what the student read.

1. What is the volcanic structure?Lava dome, formed on the flank of Trident Volcano
2. What is the location?Alaska Peninsula, Katmai National Park and Preserve, USA
3. Why was the 1912 eruption of Novarupta so big?The eruption released about 30 cubic kilometers of magma, which is about 30 times more than the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption. That made it the biggest eruption of the 20th century.
4. How did the eruption create the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes?Fast-moving hot gas and volcanic debris, called pyroclastic flows, rushed through river valleys and turned groundwater into steam. This made thousands of steaming vents that lasted for many decades.

Pyroclastic Flow: A fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter that flows along the ground.
Caldera Collapse: The subsidence of a volcano's summit following a large eruption that empties the magma chamber.
Stratovolcano: A tall, conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava, ash, and rock debris.
Fumarole: An opening in the Earth's crust that emits steam and gases, often found near volcanoes.