Janka hardness test

High school (ages 12+)
Making & Design

Name:

Date:

Step 1 · Read the article

Open the article and read it at the level above. Then answer the questions below in your own words.

https://smallwhale.org/articles/janka-hardness-test

Write what each word means, using the article.

Do not copy the article. Write two things you learned, the way you would explain them to a friend.

Answers below are taken from the article’s stored facts, so they match what the student read.

1. What is the discoverer?Gabriel Janka (Austrian-born American researcher)
2. What is the standardized testing?Often conducted following ASTM D1037 (flooring) or ASTM D143 (lumber) standards
3. How do scientists measure how hard wood is in the Janka test?They press a steel ball the size of a small coin into the wood until it is halfway in, and measure the force needed.
4. Why do they use a steel ball that is 11.28 mm wide in the test?That size gives an indentation of exactly 100 square millimeters, making the numbers easy to compare.

Anisotropic Material: A material whose properties differ when measured in different directions.
Static Indentation: A permanent mark made by a stationary object pressing into a surface.
Moisture Content: The amount of water present in a piece of wood, affecting its properties.
Wood Grain: The direction, pattern, and texture of wood fibers, influencing its strength.