Igneous rock

High school (ages 12+)
Environment & Earth

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Date:

Step 1 · Read the article

Open the article and read it at the level above. Then answer the questions below in your own words.

https://smallwhale.org/articles/igneous-rock

Write what each word means, using the article.

Do not copy the article. Write two things you learned, the way you would explain them to a friend.

Answers below are taken from the article’s stored facts, so they match what the student read.

1. What is the classification basis?Mineralogy (composition) and texture (crystal size and arrangement)
2. What are igneous rocks and how do they form?Igneous rocks are made from molten magma that cools and solidifies. The magma comes from deep inside the Earth when rocks melt and then cool either underground or on the surface.
3. How do intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks differ?Intrusive rocks cool slowly below the Earth’s surface, so they have big, visible crystals. Extrusive rocks cool quickly on the surface, giving them tiny crystals or even a glassy look.

Partial Melting: The process where only a portion of a rock melts, producing a melt with a different composition than the original rock.
Phaneritic Texture: A coarse-grained texture in intrusive igneous rocks where mineral crystals are large enough to be seen with the naked eye.
Aphanitic Texture: A fine-grained texture in extrusive igneous rocks where mineral crystals are too small to be seen without magnification.
Bowen's Reaction Series: A fundamental concept describing the sequence in which minerals crystallize from a cooling magma.