Bond graph

High school (ages 12+)
Science & Technology

Name:

Date:

Step 1 · Read the article

Open the article and read it at the level above. Then answer the questions below in your own words.

https://smallwhale.org/articles/bond-graph

Write what each word means, using the article.

Do not copy the article. Write two things you learned, the way you would explain them to a friend.

Answers below are taken from the article’s stored facts, so they match what the student read.

1. What is the inventor?Henry Paynter
2. What is the fundamental principle?Graphical representation of dynamic physical systems emphasizing bi-directional power exchange
3. Who invented bond graphs and when?Henry Paynter made bond graphs in the middle of the 20th century. He wanted a way to draw machines that could mix electricity, mechanics, and other kinds of energy.
4. How do bond graphs show energy moving in machines?In a bond graph, each line shows power going both ways, like a two‑way road. The line carries an effort (like voltage or force) and a flow (like current or speed). Their product is the power that travels.

Bond: A graphical element representing the bi-directional flow of power between system components.
Effort Variable: One of the two power variables, analogous to force, voltage, or pressure.
Flow Variable: The conjugate power variable, analogous to velocity, current, or flow rate.
Causality: A directed relationship on a bond indicating the dependency between effort and flow.